Everything about The European Atomic Energy Community totally explained
The
European Atomic Energy Community, or
EURATOM, is an
international organization composed of the members of the
European Union. It was established on
March 25,
1957, by a second treaty of Rome, signed the same day as the more famous
Treaty of Rome which instituted the
European Economic Community (EEC). The European Atomic Energy Community is a separate entity, but membership and organization is fully integrated with the European Union. The organisational structures of EURATOM and EEC (together with the now defunct
European Coal and Steel Community -ECSC-), merged in 1967, by virtue of the
Merger Treaty (signed in 1965).
The denomination "the Communities" (plural), as in the
Commission of the European Communities and the
Court of Justice of the European Communities are occasional reminders of the existence of two distinct institutions.
The purposes of Euratom were to create a specialist market for atomic energy and distribute it through the Community and to develop nuclear energy and sell surplus to non-Community States.
Some suggest that Euratom should disappear in a similar way to ECSC and merge the European Community and the European Atomic Energy Community in a new European Community and
Treaties. In particular, that was proposed during the development of the
Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe; however, it was decided to exclude Euratom from the legal personality of the new European Union, because of concerns that anti-nuclear sentiment in some member states would then be needlessly turned against the constitution.
Presidents of the European Atomic Community, 1958-1967
The five member Commission was led by only three Presidents, all from
France.
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